Whereas the local developmental trends across the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition in the Middle Danube region result in the formation of the Szeletian, two other Early Upper Paleolithic entities, the Emiro-Bohunician and the Aurignacian, are considered as technologically innovative. The Bohunician is based on a specific, late Levallois technology producing Levallois blades, flakes and points from crested pre-cores. Two sites in Moravia are dated by radiocarbon: Bohunice, 43-36 kyr, Stránská skála, 41-34.5 kyr. Isolated sites of the early Aurignacian appear around 39-38 kyr, as at Willendorf II, Austria, or Geissenklösterle, South Germany. Finally, between 35-29 kyr, a denser network of Middle Aurignacian settlements is being established over the Middle Danube region. By the same time, we observe the disappearance of Bohunician and Szeletian sites, and around 29-28 kyr also the disappearance of the late Neandertals (Vindija). Even if we lack a Szeletian found together with unequivocally Neandertal human fossils, several arguments make such an association possible, whereas the producers of the Bohunician remain natomically anonymous. The radiocarbon dating of anatomically modern human sites confirms an Aurignacian age in the cases of Mladec (35-34 kyr) and Vogelherd (32-30 kyr). We know, therefore, that the producers of the Aurignacian were anatomically modern humans, but before we alsolearn who were the Emiro-Bohunicians, or the producers of the other "transitional" technologies, we cannot conclude that Aurignacians were also the first representatives of modern humanity in Europe.
